Carbureter.



A. CANDA. GARBURETBR..

APPLIGATxoN FILED JUNE 4. 191s.

Patented Deo. 1, 1914.

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UNITED STATES PATENT caricia :ABEEL .CANDL'OF CRANEOBD, NEW JERSEY.

CARBURETER.

Toall "whom t may concern Be it known that I, ABEEL CANDA, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Cranford, in the county of Union and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carbure'ters, of which the following 'is a specification.`

My invention relates lto improvements in l carbureters, and 'comprisesmeans for insuring amore thorough mixture of air and coinbustble than is produced by present carbureters.

The object of my invention is to'provide a more perfect mixture of air and combustible, 'and 'to do 'this in a simple manner and by 'simple means.

I will now proceed to describe my invention with reference to the 'accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure l shows a transverse vertical 'section 'of one well known type of carbureter to which an air distributing device embodying -my invention has been applied; Fig. 2 shows a similar section of another well known *form of carbureter to which an air distributing device embodying my invention has been applied and Fig. 3 shows a side elevation of the mixing device removedfrom the carbureter.

It is Awell known that carbureters'of the presen-t day vvdo not ldeliver to the engine a perfect mixture of air, and gasolene'or kerosene, as a gas, but that the mixture 1s full of drops of liquid gasolene or kerosene; one reason being that the so-called auxiliary air is not properly mixed with the stream of atomized liquid and air at and beyond the 'point where the current of auxiliary arr joins the main or primary stream of air car- 'ryi'ng misted gasolene or kerosene in suspension. Another 'reason 1s that, 1n practice, stratification occurs, in the carbureter and in 'the intake pipe of the engine. to a very great extent. Itis well known that gases of even slightly dierent specific gravities are very prone to stratification; lthat it an extremely d'iioult matter to produce a fairly uniform mixture of two gases of somewhat 'different specific raviti'es. Now the speciic gravity of ga'so ne vapor is much greater than that of air, andthe specific gravity of air with liquid 'gasolene or kerosene in suspension ,higher than that of gasolene "Ordinarily, the auxiliary au' is adlSpecification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. -1, 1914.

Application tiled Iu-ne 4, 1913. Serial No. 771,656.

mit/ted at the side of the carbureter, and passes up into the engine intake at the side of the primary current of air with misted gasoleneor kerosene in mechanical vsuspension, and Without proper mixture with such primary current. The conditions existing in the ordinary carburetor are, therefore, particularly such as favor stratification as against thorough mixture; and this tendency 'to stratification is further enhanced in the ordinary carbureter, by -the ordinary butterfly or throttle valve, which, commonly, is so `placed as to favor passage of the auxiliary air up along one slde of such throttle valve', and to favor the passage of the principal portion of the primary current of air with gasolene or 4kerosene in suspension along the other side of such valve.

By the present invention I provide a mixing device, applicable to ordinary carbureter's, and to existing carbureters having the throttle valve placed as it commonly is, which mixing device produces a thorough mixture of the auxiliary air with the main or primary current of the mixed air and misted kerosene or gasoleue. I have found that in practice, this air mixing deviceY reduces considerably the consumption of fuel and increases noticeably the flexibility of operation of 'the engine.

Referring first to Fig. 1, numeral 1 designates the main air passage, or primary air passage, of the carburetor, 2 the spray nozzle, B `the so-called carbureter bowl, 4 the goat and 5 the float valve operated by that oat.

'6 designates `the usual auxiliary air inlet, 7 the auxiliary air valve, and 8 the spring of said valve.

9 designates the throat through which the auxiliary air passes into the primary air passage 1.

10 designates the usual' butteriy throttle valve.

It will be seen that, except as such tendency is prevented by means hereinafter described, there is a natural tendency for the primaryrair, carrying with it the atomized fuel from spray nozzle 2, to pass in large measure upon the left hand side of the vvalve 10, .and for lthe auxiliar air to pass up on the right .hand side of t at valve, there being, therefore, "a marked tendency for stratiication in the engine intake to which the carbureter is connected (which intake is Iii) these perforations are not shown in the drawings, but may be understood to be connected, as usual, to the upper end of the carbureter). To obviate this tendency toward stratification, and to produce a thorough mixture of the auxiliary air with the primary current of air with fuel vapor in suspension, Iintroduce into the carbureter ahollow shell 11, preferably l perforated as shown, and preferably provided internally with a perforate cone 12. The side of the member 11 facing 'the throat 9 is preferably blank or imperforate, so that the auxiliary air is forced to pass around to the sides and back of the member l1 before it can enter the interior of that mem-ber 11. The perforations of the member 11 are preferably of considerable size and placed Well apart, both for -mechanical strength of the member 11, and in order that these perforations may act as individual nozzles, each lprojecting a jet of auxiliary air into the primary current of mingled air and fuel vapor f assing up through the center of the mem- Eer 11. Furthermore, since the perforations of said member 11 are of considerable size, not apt to become choked by dust or other foreign matter carried in with either air current. The perforate cone 12 serves to spread the primary .current of mingled air and fuel vapor, and

discharges such primary current as a series of jets into the interior of member 1l. Therefore, in the operation of the carbureter, there exists, above the cone 12, and within the interior of the member 11 and in the space thereabove, and in the engine intake, a large number of more or less parallel and contacting jets of the primary current of mingled air and fuel vapor and of .the secondary air, which are in intimate contact with each other and, in passing up through the engine intake, naturally blend; the tendency to stratification ofthe primary current along one side of the intake and of the secondary air current along the opposite side of the intake, being overcome, and a very intimate and uniform mixture of the air and fuel vapor being formed in the engine intake. Moreover, the perforate cone 12 tends to break up any drops of liquid lfuel which might be carried with the primary air, the liquid which gathers on that cone having full opportunity to evaporate, or to split into smaller drops which can be carried along by the primary current passing through that cone.

The member 11, provided with the perforate cone 12, is readily applied to existing carbureters by first removing the valve 10, inserting said member 11, and then re-inserting the valve 10.

In order that the member` 11 may be readily applicable to existing carbureters, the primary air passages of which are not, as a rule, perfeetvsymmetrical in the vicinity of the throat 9, said member 11 is provided, on the side facing the auxiliary air passage, with a depending portion 13.

My device is applicable to most, if not all, of the existing types of carbureters. It Will be understood that slight changes in form and proportions may be necessary for different makes of carbureters. However, many of theestandard forms of carbureters may receive a member 11 of one design; and in Fig. 2 I illustrate such member 11 applied to another Well known form of car bureter which in its action is practically the same as that of the carbureter shown in ig. 1, corresponding reference characters being used in both Figs. 1 and 2 to designate llke parts of the two carbureters shown.

What l claim is 1. An air and vapor mixing device for carbureters, comprising a hollow member adapted to be placed within a carbureter, at the intersect-ion of the primary and auxiliary air passages of the carbureter, one side of said member, adapted to face the auxiliary air passage of the carbureter, being blank, other sides of said member being provided with openings for the passage ofthe auxiliary air into mixture with the primary current passing through that member.

2. An air and vapor mixing device for carbureters comprising a hollow member adapted to be placed within a carbureter, at the intersection of the primary and auxilary air passages of the carbureter, said member adapted for the flow through it of the primary current, and being provided with openings for the passage of the auxiliary air into mixture with the primary current passing through that member, said member having within it primary-currentdifliusing means comprising a perforate conical member tapering in the direction of fiow of the primary current. l 3. The combination With a carbureter having communicating passages for primary and auxiliary air respectively, and having means for injecting fuel into the primary air, prior to the entry of the auxiliary air into the primary air passage, of a mixing device located at the intersection of the primary and auxiliary air passages, and comprising a hollow member. adapted for longitudinal How through it of the primary air and having iliary air passage, other sides of said member being provided with openings for the passage of the auxiliary air into mixture with the primary current passing through that member.

4. The combination with a carbureter having communicating passages for primary and auxiliary air respectively, and having means for injecting fuel into the primary air, prior to the entry of the auxiliary air into the primary air passage, of a mixing a blank side facing the auxthrough that member, said member having within it primary-current-diusing means comprising a perorate conical member tapering in the direction of flow' of ,the primary current. p l

5. The combination with a carbureter having communicating passagesl for primary ,and auxiliary air respectively, and having means for injecting fuel into the primary air, prior to thel entry of the auxiliary air into the primary air passage, of a mixing device locatedfat the intersectionl of the primary and auxiliary` air passages, and comprising a hollow member adapted for scribing Witnesses. l

longitudinal flow through it of vthe' primary air, said member being provided With openings for the passage of the auxiliaryair into mixture with the primary current passing through that member, said member hav-v ing Within it a perforate cone extending across the interior of said member and adapted to dividel and diffuse the primary current passing through said member, said A cone tapering in the direction of the flow of the primary current,'the base of said cone being near that side of the auxiliary air passage Which is nearest the vinlet for the primary air.

. In.test1mony. whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two sub1 ABEEL CANDA.

Witnesses:

' H. M. MARBLE,

.PAUL H. FRANKE. 

